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Course Outline

I. Introduction and Preliminaries

1. Overview

  • Making R more user-friendly: R and available GUIs
  • RStudio
  • Related software and documentation
  • R and statistics
  • Interactive use of R
  • Initial orientation session
  • Obtaining help for functions and features
  • R commands, case sensitivity, and other conventions
  • Recalling and correcting previous commands
  • Executing commands from files or redirecting output
  • Managing data persistence and removing objects
  • Best practices in programming: creating self-contained scripts, enhancing readability through structured code, documentation, and markdown
  • Installing packages: CRAN and Bioconductor

2. Reading Data

  • Text files (using read.delim)
  • CSV files

3. Basic Manipulations: Numbers, Vectors, and Arrays

  • Vectors and assignment operations
  • Vector arithmetic
  • Generating regular sequences
  • Logical vectors
  • Handling missing values
  • Character vectors
  • Index vectors for selecting and modifying data subsets
    • Arrays
  • Array indexing and accessing subsections
  • Index matrices
  • Using the array() function and performing basic array operations (e.g., multiplication, transposition)
  • Other object types

4. Lists and Data Frames

  • Lists
  • Constructing and modifying lists
    • Concatenating lists
  • Data frames
    • Creating data frames
    • Working with data frames
    • Attaching arbitrary lists
    • Managing the search path

5. Data Manipulation

  • Selecting and subsetting observations and variables
  • Filtering and grouping
  • Recoding and transforming data
  • Aggregation and combining datasets
  • Creating partitioned matrices using cbind() and rbind()
  • Using concatenation functions with arrays
  • Character manipulation using the stringr package
  • Introduction to grep and regexpr

6. Advanced Data Reading

  • XLS and XLSX files
  • readr and readxl packages
  • Importing data from SPSS, SAS, Stata, and other formats
  • Exporting data to text, CSV, and other formats

6. Grouping, Loops, and Conditional Execution

  • Grouped expressions
  • Control statements
  • Conditional execution: if statements
  • Repetitive execution: for loops, repeat, and while
  • Introduction to apply, lapply, sapply, and tapply

7. Functions

  • Creating custom functions
  • Optional arguments and default values
  • Handling variable numbers of arguments
  • Scope and its implications

8. Basic Graphics in R

  • Creating graphs
  • Density plots
  • Dot plots
  • Bar plots
  • Line charts
  • Pie charts
  • Boxplots
  • Scatter plots
  • Combining multiple plots

II. Statistical Analysis in R

1. Probability Distributions

  • Utilizing R as a statistical table reference
  • Examining data distribution sets

2. Hypothesis Testing

  • Tests concerning population means
  • Likelihood Ratio Test
  • One-sample and two-sample tests
  • Chi-Square Goodness-of-Fit Test
  • Kolmogorov-Smirnov One-Sample Statistic
  • Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test
  • Two-Sample Test
  • Wilcoxon Rank Sum Test
  • Mann-Whitney Test
  • Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test

3. Multiple Hypothesis Testing

  • Type I Error and False Discovery Rate (FDR)
  • ROC curves and Area Under the Curve (AUC)
  • Multiple Testing Procedures (e.g., BH, Bonferroni)

4. Linear Regression Models

  • Generic functions for extracting model information
  • Updating fitted models
  • Generalized linear models (GLMs)
    • Families
    • The glm() function
  • Classification techniques
    • Logistic Regression
    • Linear Discriminant Analysis
  • Unsupervised learning methods
    • Principal Components Analysis
    • Clustering Methods (k-means, hierarchical clustering, k-medoids)

5. Survival Analysis (survival package)

  • Creating survival objects in R
  • Kaplan-Meier estimates, log-rank tests, and parametric regression
  • Confidence bands
  • Analysis of censored (interval censored) data
  • Cox Proportional Hazards (PH) models with constant covariates
  • Cox PH models with time-dependent covariates
  • Simulation: Comparing models (regression model comparison)

6. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA)

  • One-Way ANOVA
  • Two-Way Classification of ANOVA
  • MANOVA

III. Bioinformatics Case Studies

  • Short introduction to the limma package
  • Microarray data analysis workflow
  • Data download from GEO: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/query/acc.cgi?acc=GSE1397
  • Data processing steps: QC, normalization, differential expression
  • Volcano plots
  • Clustering examples and heatmaps
 28 Hours

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